.css-1hhle02 .filelinkcard{-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;background-color:rgba(246,246,246,0.88);border-radius:12px;box-sizing:border-box;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin:1em auto;max-width:100%;overflow:hidden;padding:12px;position:relative;width:390px;}.css-1hhle02 .filelinkcard-icon{-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;height:30px;width:30px;}.css-1hhle02 .filelinkcard-info{margin-left:12px;}.css-1hhle02 .filelinkcard-name{color:#121212;font-size:15px;font-weight:500;line-height:21px;display:-webkit-box;text-overflow:ellipsis;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:2;}.css-1hhle02 .filelinkcard-meta{color:#999999;font-size:12px;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;line-height:14px;margin-top:5px;}.css-1hhle02 .filelinkcard-source{white-space:pre;}.css-1hhle02 img[data-uncomfortable]{content:url(data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns%3d%22http%3a%2f%2fwww.w3.org%2f2000%2fsvg%22%20viewbox%3d%220%200%20344.88888888888886%20194%22%3e%3cforeignobject%20width%3d%22344.88888888888886%22%20height%3d%22194%22%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%3cdiv%20xmlns%3d%22http%3a%2f%2fwww.w3.org%2f1999%2fxhtml%22%20style%3d%22font-size%3a%2013px%3b%20font-family%3a%20-apple-system%2c%20blinkmacsystemfont%2c%20microsoft%20yahei%2c%20sans-serif%3b%20color%3a%20%23fff%3b%20width%3a100%25%3b%20height%3a194px%3b%22%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3cdiv%20style%3d%22display%3a%20flex%3b%20flex-direction%3a%20column%3b%20align-items%3a%20center%3b%20justify-content%3a%20center%3b%20height%3a%20100%25%3b%22%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3csvg%20xmlns%3d%22http%3a%2f%2fwww.w3.org%2f2000%2fsvg%22%20width%3d%2218%22%20height%3d%2218%22%20viewbox%3d%220%200%2016%2016%22%20fill%3d%22currentcolor%22%3e%3cpath%20d%3d%22m8%203.65a7%207%200%2000-1.353.128.65.65%200%2011-.25-1.275a8.3%208.3%200%20018%202.35c2.387%200%204.172.954%205.357%202.125c14.511%205.615%2015.15%207.022%2015.15%208c0%20.621-.257%201.391-.699%202.134a7.076%207.076%200%2001-1.403%201.68l.495.46a.65.65%200%2011-.886.951l-.998-.929a.645.645%200%2001-.104-.097l9.73%2010.501a.647.647%200%2001-.29.301%203.15%203.15%200%2001-4.313-4.094.647.647%200%2001.234-.275l3.908%205.08a5.774%205.774%200%2000-1.283%201.522c2.282%207.198%202.15%207.707%202.15%208c0%20.522.41%201.616%201.407%202.6.965.954%202.43%201.75%204.443%201.75.468%200%20.905-.043%201.311-.12a.65.65%200%2001.243%201.277a8.322%208.322%200%20018%2013.65c-2.387%200-4.172-.954-5.357-2.125c1.49%2010.385.85%208.978.85%208c0-.598.238-1.333.648-2.046a7.054%207.054%200%20012.95%204.188l-.547-.509a.65.65%200%2011.886-.951l8.8%208.194a5.793%205.793%200%20001.244-1.453c.372-.624.516-1.163.516-1.469%200-.522-.41-1.616-1.407-2.6-.965-.954-2.43-1.75-4.443-1.75zm6.29%207.296a1.85%201.85%200%20002.534%202.36l-2.535-2.36zm8%204.85a.65.65%200%20100%201.3%201.85%201.85%200%20011.843%201.694.65.65%200%20101.296-.11a3.15%203.15%200%20008%204.85z%22%20fill-rule%3d%22evenodd%22%20clip-rule%3d%22evenodd%22%3e%3c%2fpath%3e%3c%2fsvg%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3cdiv%20style%3d%22margin%3a%20.6em%200%201.2em%22%3e%e8%af%a5%e5%9b%be%e7%89%87%e6%9c%89%e5%8f%af%e8%83%bd%e4%bc%9a%e5%bc%95%e8%b5%b7%e4%b8%8d%e9%80%82%3c%2fdiv%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3cbutton%20style%3d%22padding%3a%204px%201em%3b%20font-size%3a%201.1em%3b%20color%3a%20inherit%3b%20background%3a%20none%3b%20border%3a%201px%20solid%20rgba%28255%2c255%2c255%2c.5%29%3b%20border-radius%3a%209999px%3b%22%3e%e7%bb%a7%e7%bb%ad%e6%9f%a5%e7%9c%8b%3c%2fbutton%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3c%2fdiv%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%3c%2fdiv%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%3c%2fforeignobject%3e%3c%2fsvg%3e);width:100%;height:194px;background:url(https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-cf70d0759d787c70091857151c1cad4a.jpeg) no-repeat rgba(191,191,191,0.7);background-size:cover;cursor:pointer!important;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard.new{position:relative;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;width:390px;min-height:84px;border-radius:8px;max-width:100%;overflow:hidden;margin:16px auto;padding:12px 12px 9px 12px;background-color:#f6f6f6;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard.new,.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard.new:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;border:none !important;color:inherit !important;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard.new .linkcard-contents{display:block;-webkit-flex:1 1 auto;-ms-flex:1 1 auto;flex:1 1 auto;position:relative;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard.new .linkcard-contents .loading{height:14px;background:#ebebeb;border-radius:7px;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard.new .linkcard-contents.withtitle{margin-bottom:3px;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard.new .linkcard-title{display:-webkit-box;font-size:15px;font-weight:500;line-height:1.4;margin-bottom:2px;color:#121212;text-overflow:ellipsis;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:1;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard.new .linkcard-title.two-line{line-height:20px;display:-webkit-box;text-overflow:ellipsis;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:2;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard.new .linkcard-title.loading{margin-bottom:8px;width:80%;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard.new .linkcard-title.loading.withtitle{margin-bottom:6px;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard.new .linkcard-title.loadingtitle{margin-bottom:5px;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard.new .linkcard-excerpt{display:-webkit-box;text-overflow:ellipsis;font-size:13px;line-height:18px;color:#999999;margin-bottom:4px;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:1;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard.new .linkcard-excerpt .linkcard-author{color:#444444;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard.new .linkcard-desc{display:-webkit-box;font-size:13px;height:18px;line-height:18px;color:#999999;word-break:break-all;text-overflow:ellipsis;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:1;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard.new .linkcard-desc .linkcard-tag,.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard.new .linkcard-desc .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:11px;margin-left:8px;padding:0 4px;border-radius:3px;background:rgba(211,211,211,0.3);}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard.new .linkcard-desc.loading{width:40%;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard.new .linkcard-desc svg{margin-right:2px;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard.new .linkcard-image{-webkit-flex:0 0 auto;-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;background-color:#ebebeb;background-size:cover;background-position:center;position:relative;display:block;width:60px;height:60px;margin-left:20px;object-fit:cover;border-radius:inherit;overflow:hidden;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard.new .linkcard-image.linkcard-image–default{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;background-color:#ebebeb;color:#d3d3d3;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard.new .linkcard-image.linkcard-image–default svg{color:#999999;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard.new .linkcard-image img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard.new .linkcard-image .linkcard-image–video{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;-webkit-transform:translatex(-50%) translatey(-50%);-ms-transform:translatex(-50%) translatey(-50%);transform:translatex(-50%) translatey(-50%);width:24px;height:24px;border-radius:12px;background:rgba(255,255,255,0.9);pointer-events:none;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard.new .linkcard-image .linkcard-image–video svg{color:#444444;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard.new .linkcard-richtext .text{color:#444444;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard.new .linkcard-richtext .bold{font-weight:600;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard.new .linkcard-richtext .tag{margin-left:4px;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard.old{position:relative;display:block;margin:1em auto;width:390px;box-sizing:border-box;border-radius:12px;max-width:100%;overflow:hidden;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard.old,.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard.old:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;border:none !important;color:inherit !important;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcard{position:relative;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;padding:12px;border-radius:inherit;height:80px;box-sizing:border-box;background:rgba(246,246,246,0.88);color:#d3d3d3;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardavatarwrapper{width:60px;height:60px;background:#ebebeb;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;border-radius:6px;margin-right:10px;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardnetwork{width:20px;height:20px;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardloadingbar{height:60px;-webkit-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardloadingbar span{height:16px;display:inline-block;background:#ebebeb;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardloadingbar span:nth-of-type(1){width:60px;margin-bottom:4px;}.css-1wr1m8 .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardloadingbar span:nth-of-type(2){width:127px;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard.old{position:relative;display:block;margin:1em auto;width:390px;box-sizing:border-box;border-radius:12px;max-width:100%;overflow:hidden;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard.old,.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard.old:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;border:none !important;color:inherit !important;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcard{position:relative;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;padding:12px;border-radius:inherit;height:80px;box-sizing:border-box;background:rgba(246,246,246,0.88);color:#d3d3d3;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardavatarwrapper{width:60px;height:60px;background:#ebebeb;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;border-radius:6px;margin-right:10px;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardnetwork{width:20px;height:20px;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardloadingbar{height:60px;-webkit-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardloadingbar span{height:16px;display:inline-block;background:#ebebeb;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardloadingbar span:nth-of-type(1){width:60px;margin-bottom:4px;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardloadingbar span:nth-of-type(2){width:127px;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard.new{position:relative;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;width:390px;min-height:84px;border-radius:8px;max-width:100%;overflow:hidden;margin:16px auto;padding:12px 12px 9px 12px;background-color:#f6f6f6;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard.new,.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard.new:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;border:none !important;color:inherit !important;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard.new .linkcard-contents{display:block;-webkit-flex:1 1 auto;-ms-flex:1 1 auto;flex:1 1 auto;position:relative;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard.new .linkcard-contents .loading{height:14px;background:#ebebeb;border-radius:7px;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard.new .linkcard-contents.withtitle{margin-bottom:3px;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard.new .linkcard-title{display:-webkit-box;font-size:15px;font-weight:500;line-height:1.4;margin-bottom:2px;color:#121212;text-overflow:ellipsis;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:1;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard.new .linkcard-title.two-line{line-height:20px;display:-webkit-box;text-overflow:ellipsis;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:2;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard.new .linkcard-title.loading{margin-bottom:8px;width:80%;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard.new .linkcard-title.loading.withtitle{margin-bottom:6px;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard.new .linkcard-title.loadingtitle{margin-bottom:5px;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard.new .linkcard-excerpt{display:-webkit-box;text-overflow:ellipsis;font-size:13px;line-height:18px;color:#999999;margin-bottom:4px;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:1;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard.new .linkcard-excerpt .linkcard-author{color:#444444;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard.new .linkcard-desc{display:-webkit-box;font-size:13px;height:18px;line-height:18px;color:#999999;word-break:break-all;text-overflow:ellipsis;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:1;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard.new .linkcard-desc .linkcard-tag,.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard.new .linkcard-desc .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:11px;margin-left:8px;padding:0 4px;border-radius:3px;background:rgba(211,211,211,0.3);}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard.new .linkcard-desc.loading{width:40%;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard.new .linkcard-desc svg{margin-right:2px;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard.new .linkcard-image{-webkit-flex:0 0 auto;-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;background-color:#ebebeb;background-size:cover;background-position:center;position:relative;display:block;width:60px;height:60px;margin-left:20px;object-fit:cover;border-radius:inherit;overflow:hidden;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard.new .linkcard-image.linkcard-image–default{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;background-color:#ebebeb;color:#d3d3d3;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard.new .linkcard-image.linkcard-image–default svg{color:#999999;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard.new .linkcard-image img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard.new .linkcard-image .linkcard-image–video{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;-webkit-transform:translatex(-50%) translatey(-50%);-ms-transform:translatex(-50%) translatey(-50%);transform:translatex(-50%) translatey(-50%);width:24px;height:24px;border-radius:12px;background:rgba(255,255,255,0.9);pointer-events:none;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard.new .linkcard-image .linkcard-image–video svg{color:#444444;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard.new .linkcard-richtext .text{color:#444444;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard.new .linkcard-richtext .bold{font-weight:600;}.css-1dnyyvy .linkcard.new .linkcard-richtext .tag{margin-left:4px;}.css-1dnyyvy .filelinkcard{-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;background-color:rgba(246,246,246,0.88);border-radius:12px;box-sizing:border-box;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin:1em auto;max-width:100%;overflow:hidden;padding:12px;position:relative;width:390px;}.css-1dnyyvy .filelinkcard-icon{-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;height:30px;width:30px;}.css-1dnyyvy .filelinkcard-info{margin-left:12px;}.css-1dnyyvy .filelinkcard-name{color:#121212;font-size:15px;font-weight:500;line-height:21px;display:-webkit-box;text-overflow:ellipsis;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:2;}.css-1dnyyvy .filelinkcard-meta{color:#999999;font-size:12px;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;line-height:14px;margin-top:5px;}.css-1dnyyvy .filelinkcard-source{white-space:pre;}.css-1dnyyvy img[data-uncomfortable]{content:url(data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns%3d%22http%3a%2f%2fwww.w3.org%2f2000%2fsvg%22%20viewbox%3d%220%200%20344.88888888888886%20194%22%3e%3cforeignobject%20width%3d%22344.88888888888886%22%20height%3d%22194%22%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%3cdiv%20xmlns%3d%22http%3a%2f%2fwww.w3.org%2f1999%2fxhtml%22%20style%3d%22font-size%3a%2013px%3b%20font-family%3a%20-apple-system%2c%20blinkmacsystemfont%2c%20microsoft%20yahei%2c%20sans-serif%3b%20color%3a%20%23fff%3b%20width%3a100%25%3b%20height%3a194px%3b%22%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3cdiv%20style%3d%22display%3a%20flex%3b%20flex-direction%3a%20column%3b%20align-items%3a%20center%3b%20justify-content%3a%20center%3b%20height%3a%20100%25%3b%22%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3csvg%20xmlns%3d%22http%3a%2f%2fwww.w3.org%2f2000%2fsvg%22%20width%3d%2218%22%20height%3d%2218%22%20viewbox%3d%220%200%2016%2016%22%20fill%3d%22currentcolor%22%3e%3cpath%20d%3d%22m8%203.65a7%207%200%2000-1.353.128.65.65%200%2011-.25-1.275a8.3%208.3%200%20018%202.35c2.387%200%204.172.954%205.357%202.125c14.511%205.615%2015.15%207.022%2015.15%208c0%20.621-.257%201.391-.699%202.134a7.076%207.076%200%2001-1.403%201.68l.495.46a.65.65%200%2011-.886.951l-.998-.929a.645.645%200%2001-.104-.097l9.73%2010.501a.647.647%200%2001-.29.301%203.15%203.15%200%2001-4.313-4.094.647.647%200%2001.234-.275l3.908%205.08a5.774%205.774%200%2000-1.283%201.522c2.282%207.198%202.15%207.707%202.15%208c0%20.522.41%201.616%201.407%202.6.965.954%202.43%201.75%204.443%201.75.468%200%20.905-.043%201.311-.12a.65.65%200%2001.243%201.277a8.322%208.322%200%20018%2013.65c-2.387%200-4.172-.954-5.357-2.125c1.49%2010.385.85%208.978.85%208c0-.598.238-1.333.648-2.046a7.054%207.054%200%20012.95%204.188l-.547-.509a.65.65%200%2011.886-.951l8.8%208.194a5.793%205.793%200%20001.244-1.453c.372-.624.516-1.163.516-1.469%200-.522-.41-1.616-1.407-2.6-.965-.954-2.43-1.75-4.443-1.75zm6.29%207.296a1.85%201.85%200%20002.534%202.36l-2.535-2.36zm8%204.85a.65.65%200%20100%201.3%201.85%201.85%200%20011.843%201.694.65.65%200%20101.296-.11a3.15%203.15%200%20008%204.85z%22%20fill-rule%3d%22evenodd%22%20clip-rule%3d%22evenodd%22%3e%3c%2fpath%3e%3c%2fsvg%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3cdiv%20style%3d%22margin%3a%20.6em%200%201.2em%22%3e%e8%af%a5%e5%9b%be%e7%89%87%e6%9c%89%e5%8f%af%e8%83%bd%e4%bc%9a%e5%bc%95%e8%b5%b7%e4%b8%8d%e9%80%82%3c%2fdiv%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3cbutton%20style%3d%22padding%3a%204px%201em%3b%20font-size%3a%201.1em%3b%20color%3a%20inherit%3b%20background%3a%20none%3b%20border%3a%201px%20solid%20rgba%28255%2c255%2c255%2c.5%29%3b%20border-radius%3a%209999px%3b%22%3e%e7%bb%a7%e7%bb%ad%e6%9f%a5%e7%9c%8b%3c%2fbutton%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3c%2fdiv%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%3c%2fdiv%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%3c%2fforeignobject%3e%3c%2fsvg%3e);width:100%;height:194px;background:url(https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-cf70d0759d787c70091857151c1cad4a.jpeg) no-repeat rgba(191,191,191,0.7);background-size:cover;cursor:pointer!important;}.css-1g0fqss{word-break:break-word;line-height:1.6;}.css-1g0fqss > [data-first-child]{margin-top:0;}.css-1g0fqss > :last-child{margin-bottom:0;}.css-1g0fqss h1,.css-1g0fqss h2{clear:left;margin-top:calc((1.4em * 2) / 1.2);margin-bottom:calc(1.4em / 1.2);font-size:1.2em;line-height:1.5;font-weight:600;}.css-1g0fqss h3,.css-1g0fqss h4,.css-1g0fqss h5,.css-1g0fqss h6{clear:left;margin-top:calc((1.4em * 1.5) / 1.1);margin-bottom:calc(1.4em / 1.1);font-size:1.1em;line-height:1.5;font-weight:600;}.css-1g0fqss u{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;border-bottom:1px solid #444444;}.css-1g0fqss b{font-weight:600;}.css-1g0fqss sup{font-size:0.8em;}.css-1g0fqss sup[data-draft-type=’reference’]{color:#175199;}.css-1g0fqss a:focus{outline:none;-webkit-transition:box-shadow 0.3s;transition:box-shadow 0.3s;}html[data-focus-visible] .css-1g0fqss a:focus{box-shadow:0 0 0 2px #ffffff,0 0 0 4px rgba(5,109,232,0.3);}.css-1g0fqss a.ztext-link,.css-1g0fqss a.internal,.css-1g0fqss a.external{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:pointer;border-bottom:1px solid #808080;}.css-1g0fqss a.ztext-link:hover,.css-1g0fqss a.internal:hover,.css-1g0fqss a.external:hover{color:#175199;border-bottom:1px solid #175199;}.css-1g0fqss a.ztext-link > .ellipsis::after,.css-1g0fqss a.internal > .ellipsis::after,.css-1g0fqss a.external > .ellipsis::after{content:’…’;}.css-1g0fqss a.ztext-link > .invisible,.css-1g0fqss a.internal > .invisible,.css-1g0fqss a.external > .invisible{font:0/0 a;color:transparent;text-shadow:none;background-color:transparent;}.css-1g0fqss a.ztext-link u,.css-1g0fqss a.internal u,.css-1g0fqss a.external u{border:none;}.css-1g0fqss a.member_mention{color:#175199;}.css-1g0fqss a.member_mention:hover{border-bottom:1px solid #175199;}.css-1g0fqss a.userlink-link{color:#175199;}.css-1g0fqss a.userlink-link:hover{border-bottom:1px solid #175199;}.css-1g0fqss p{margin:1.4em 0;}.css-1g0fqss p.ztext-empty-paragraph{margin:calc((2.8em- (1.4em * 2 + 1.6em)) / 2) 0;}.css-1g0fqss p.ztext-empty-paragraph + .ztext-empty-paragraph{margin:1.4em 0;}.css-1g0fqss hr{margin:4em auto;width:240px;max-width:100%;border:none;border-top:1px solid #d3d3d3;}.css-1g0fqss img[eeimg]{max-width:100%;vertical-align:middle;}.css-1g0fqss img[eeimg=”1″]{margin:0 3px;max-width:calc(100% – 6px);display:inline-block;}.css-1g0fqss img[eeimg=”2″]{margin:1.4em auto;display:block;}.css-1g0fqss blockquote{margin:1.4em 0;padding-left:1em;color:#646464;border-left:3px solid #d3d3d3;}.css-1g0fqss ol,.css-1g0fqss ul{margin:1.4em 0;padding:0;width:100%;}.css-1g0fqss ol ol,.css-1g0fqss ul ol,.css-1g0fqss ol ul,.css-1g0fqss ul ul{margin:0;}.css-1g0fqss ol li::before,.css-1g0fqss ul li::before{width:1em;}.css-1g0fqss ol > ol,.css-1g0fqss ul > ol,.css-1g0fqss ol > ul,.css-1g0fqss ul > ul{display:table-row;}.css-1g0fqss ol > ol::before,.css-1g0fqss ul > ol::before,.css-1g0fqss ol > ul::before,.css-1g0fqss ul > ul::before{display:table-cell;content:”;}.css-1g0fqss ul{display:table;}.css-1g0fqss ul>li{display:table-row;list-style:none;}.css-1g0fqss ul>li::before{display:table-cell;content:’? ‘;white-space:pre;}.css-1g0fqss ol{display:table;counter-reset:ol;}.css-1g0fqss ol > li{display:table-row;list-style:none;}.css-1g0fqss ol > li::before{display:table-cell;text-align:right;counter-increment:ol;content:counter(ol) ‘. ‘;white-space:pre;}.css-1g0fqss ol ol{counter-reset:ol2;}.css-1g0fqss ol ol li::before{counter-increment:ol2;content:counter(ol2) ‘. ‘;}.css-1g0fqss ol ol ol{counter-reset:ol3;}.css-1g0fqss ol ol ol li::before{counter-increment:ol3;content:counter(ol3) ‘. ‘;}.css-1g0fqss ol ol ol ol{counter-reset:ol4;}.css-1g0fqss ol ol ol ol li::before{counter-increment:ol4;content:counter(ol4) ‘. ‘;}.css-1g0fqss figure{margin:1.4em 0;}.css-1g0fqss figure .content_image,.css-1g0fqss figure .origin_image{margin:0 auto;}.css-1g0fqss figure figcaption{margin-top:calc(0.6em / 0.9);padding:0 1em;font-size:0.9em;line-height:1.5;text-align:center;color:#999999;}.css-1g0fqss figure + figure{margin-top:calc(1.4em * 1.6);}.css-1g0fqss figure[data-size=’small’],.css-1g0fqss figure:not([data-size]) > [data-size=’small’]{clear:both;}.css-1g0fqss figure[data-size=’left’],.css-1g0fqss figure:not([data-size]) > [data-size=’left’]{float:left;margin:0 20px 20px 0;max-width:33%;}.css-1g0fqss figure[data-size=’right’],.css-1g0fqss figure:not([data-size]) > [data-size=’right’]{float:right;margin:0 0 20px 20px;max-width:33%;}.css-1g0fqss figure[data-size=’collapse’]{margin-bottom:0;}.css-1g0fqss figure[data-size=’collapse’] + figure{margin-top:0;}.css-1g0fqss .content_image,.css-1g0fqss .origin_image{display:block;max-width:100%;height:auto;margin:1.4em auto;}.css-1g0fqss .content_image[data-size=’small’],.css-1g0fqss .origin_image[data-size=’small’]{max-width:40%;}.css-1g0fqss .content_image.zh-lightbox-thumb,.css-1g0fqss .origin_image.zh-lightbox-thumb{cursor:-webkit-zoom-in;cursor:-moz-zoom-in;cursor:zoom-in;}.css-1g0fqss code{margin:0 2px;padding:3px 4px;border-radius:3px;font-family:menlo,monaco,consolas,’andale mono’,’lucida console’,’courier new’,monospace;font-size:0.9em;background-color:#f6f6f6;}.css-1g0fqss pre{margin:1.4em 0;padding:calc(0.8em / 0.9);font-size:0.9em;word-break:initial;word-wrap:initial;white-space:pre;overflow:auto;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch;background:#f6f6f6;border-radius:4px;}.css-1g0fqss pre code{margin:0;padding:0;font-size:inherit;border-radius:0;background-color:inherit;}.css-1g0fqss li pre{white-space:pre-wrap;}.css-1g0fqss table[data-draft-type=’table’]{border-collapse:collapse;font-size:15px;margin:1.4em auto;max-width:100%;table-layout:fixed;text-align:left;width:100%;}.css-1g0fqss table[data-draft-type=’table’][data-size=’small’]{min-width:260px;width:40%;}.css-1g0fqss table[data-draft-type=’table’][data-row-style=’striped’] tr:nth-of-type(2n + 1){background:#f6f6f6;}.css-1g0fqss table[data-draft-type=’table’] td,.css-1g0fqss table[data-draft-type=’table’] th{border:1px solid #d3d3d3;line-height:24px;height:24px;padding:3px 12px;}.css-1g0fqss table[data-draft-type=’table’] th{background:#ebebeb;color:#121212;font-weight:500;}.css-1g0fqss .video-box,.css-1g0fqss .link-box{position:relative;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;margin:1.4em 0;overflow:auto;white-space:normal;cursor:pointer;border:solid 1px #ebebeb;border-radius:4px;}.css-1g0fqss .lazy[data-lazy-status]{background-color:#f6f6f6;}.css-1g0fqss .lazy[data-lazy-status=”ok”]{background-color:transparent;-webkit-animation:animation-1yvu044 0.5s ease-in;animation:animation-1yvu044 0.5s ease-in;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight{margin:1em 0;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight pre{margin:0;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .hll{background-color:#fdfdfd;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .c{font-style:italic;color:#999999;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .err{color:#f1403c;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .k{font-weight:600;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .o{font-weight:600;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .cm{font-style:italic;color:#999999;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .cp{font-weight:600;color:#999999;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .c1{font-style:italic;color:#999999;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .cs{font-style:italic;font-weight:600;color:#999999;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .gd{color:#ff3366;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .ge{font-style:italic;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .gr{color:#f1403c;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .gh{color:#999999;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .gi{color:#12b370;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .go{color:#808080;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .gp{color:#646464;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .gs{font-weight:600;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .gu{color:#999999;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .gt{color:#f1403c;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .kc{font-weight:600;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .kd{font-weight:600;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .kn{font-weight:600;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .kp{font-weight:600;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .kr{font-weight:600;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .kt{font-weight:600;color:#175199;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .m{color:#056de8;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .s{color:#f1403c;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .na{color:#056de8;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .nb{color:#056de8;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .nc{font-weight:600;color:#175199;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .no{color:#056de8;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .ni{color:#5555dd;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .ne{font-weight:600;color:#f1403c;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .nf{font-weight:600;color:#f1403c;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .nn{color:#646464;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .nt{color:#175199;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .nv{color:#056de8;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .ow{font-weight:600;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .w{color:#bfbfbf;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .mf{color:#056de8;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .mh{color:#056de8;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .mi{color:#056de8;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .mo{color:#056de8;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .sb{color:#f1403c;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .sc{color:#f1403c;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .sd{color:#f1403c;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .s2{color:#f1403c;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .se{color:#f1403c;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .sh{color:#f1403c;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .si{color:#f1403c;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .sx{color:#f1403c;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .sr{color:#a5542f;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .s1{color:#f1403c;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .ss{color:#f1403c;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .bp{color:#999999;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .vc{color:#056de8;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .vg{color:#056de8;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .vi{color:#056de8;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight .il{color:#056de8;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight::-webkit-scrollbar{width:6px;height:6px;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:horizontal{background-color:rgba(18,18,18,0.5);border-radius:6px;}.css-1g0fqss .highlight::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:horizontal:hover{background-color:rgba(18,18,18,0.6);}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard.old{position:relative;display:block;margin:1em auto;width:390px;box-sizing:border-box;border-radius:12px;max-width:100%;overflow:hidden;}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard.old,.css-1g0fqss .linkcard.old:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;border:none !important;color:inherit !important;}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcard{position:relative;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;padding:12px;border-radius:inherit;height:80px;box-sizing:border-box;background:rgba(246,246,246,0.88);color:#d3d3d3;}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardavatarwrapper{width:60px;height:60px;background:#ebebeb;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;border-radius:6px;margin-right:10px;}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardnetwork{width:20px;height:20px;}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardloadingbar{height:60px;-webkit-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardloadingbar span{height:16px;display:inline-block;background:#ebebeb;}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardloadingbar span:nth-of-type(1){width:60px;margin-bottom:4px;}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard-ecommerceloadingcardloadingbar span:nth-of-type(2){width:127px;}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard.new{position:relative;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;width:390px;min-height:84px;border-radius:8px;max-width:100%;overflow:hidden;margin:16px auto;padding:12px 12px 9px
12px;background-color:#f6f6f6;}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard.new,.css-1g0fqss .linkcard.new:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;border:none !important;color:inherit !important;}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard.new .linkcard-contents{display:block;-webkit-flex:1 1 auto;-ms-flex:1 1 auto;flex:1 1 auto;position:relative;}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard.new .linkcard-contents .loading{height:14px;background:#ebebeb;border-radius:7px;}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard.new .linkcard-contents.withtitle{margin-bottom:3px;}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard.new .linkcard-title{display:-webkit-box;font-size:15px;font-weight:500;line-height:1.4;margin-bottom:2px;color:#121212;text-overflow:ellipsis;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:1;}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard.new .linkcard-title.two-line{line-height:20px;display:-webkit-box;text-overflow:ellipsis;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:2;}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard.new .linkcard-title.loading{margin-bottom:8px;width:80%;}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard.new .linkcard-title.loading.withtitle{margin-bottom:6px;}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard.new .linkcard-title.loadingtitle{margin-bottom:5px;}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard.new .linkcard-excerpt{display:-webkit-box;text-overflow:ellipsis;font-size:13px;line-height:18px;color:#999999;margin-bottom:4px;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:1;}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard.new .linkcard-excerpt .linkcard-author{color:#444444;}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard.new .linkcard-desc{display:-webkit-box;font-size:13px;height:18px;line-height:18px;color:#999999;word-break:break-all;text-overflow:ellipsis;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:1;}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard.new .linkcard-desc .linkcard-tag,.css-1g0fqss .linkcard.new .linkcard-desc .tag{display:inline-block;font-size:11px;margin-left:8px;padding:0 4px;border-radius:3px;background:rgba(211,211,211,0.3);}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard.new .linkcard-desc.loading{width:40%;}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard.new .linkcard-desc svg{margin-right:2px;}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard.new .linkcard-image{-webkit-flex:0 0 auto;-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;background-color:#ebebeb;background-size:cover;background-position:center;position:relative;display:block;width:60px;height:60px;margin-left:20px;object-fit:cover;border-radius:inherit;overflow:hidden;}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard.new .linkcard-image.linkcard-image–default{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;background-color:#ebebeb;color:#d3d3d3;}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard.new .linkcard-image.linkcard-image–default svg{color:#999999;}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard.new .linkcard-image img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard.new .linkcard-image .linkcard-image–video{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;-webkit-transform:translatex(-50%) translatey(-50%);-ms-transform:translatex(-50%) translatey(-50%);transform:translatex(-50%) translatey(-50%);width:24px;height:24px;border-radius:12px;background:rgba(255,255,255,0.9);pointer-events:none;}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard.new .linkcard-image .linkcard-image–video svg{color:#444444;}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard.new .linkcard-richtext .text{color:#444444;}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard.new .linkcard-richtext .bold{font-weight:600;}.css-1g0fqss .linkcard.new .linkcard-richtext .tag{margin-left:4px;}.css-1g0fqss .filelinkcard{-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;background-color:rgba(246,246,246,0.88);border-radius:12px;box-sizing:border-box;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin:1em auto;max-width:100%;overflow:hidden;padding:12px;position:relative;width:390px;}.css-1g0fqss .filelinkcard-icon{-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;height:30px;width:30px;}.css-1g0fqss .filelinkcard-info{margin-left:12px;}.css-1g0fqss .filelinkcard-name{color:#121212;font-size:15px;font-weight:500;line-height:21px;display:-webkit-box;text-overflow:ellipsis;overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:2;}.css-1g0fqss .filelinkcard-meta{color:#999999;font-size:12px;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;line-height:14px;margin-top:5px;}.css-1g0fqss .filelinkcard-source{white-space:pre;}.css-1g0fqss img[data-uncomfortable]{content:url(data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns%3d%22http%3a%2f%2fwww.w3.org%2f2000%2fsvg%22%20viewbox%3d%220%200%20344.88888888888886%20194%22%3e%3cforeignobject%20width%3d%22344.88888888888886%22%20height%3d%22194%22%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%3cdiv%20xmlns%3d%22http%3a%2f%2fwww.w3.org%2f1999%2fxhtml%22%20style%3d%22font-size%3a%2013px%3b%20font-family%3a%20-apple-system%2c%20blinkmacsystemfont%2c%20microsoft%20yahei%2c%20sans-serif%3b%20color%3a%20%23fff%3b%20width%3a100%25%3b%20height%3a194px%3b%22%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3cdiv%20style%3d%22display%3a%20flex%3b%20flex-direction%3a%20column%3b%20align-items%3a%20center%3b%20justify-content%3a%20center%3b%20height%3a%20100%25%3b%22%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3csvg%20xmlns%3d%22http%3a%2f%2fwww.w3.org%2f2000%2fsvg%22%20width%3d%2218%22%20height%3d%2218%22%20viewbox%3d%220%200%2016%2016%22%20fill%3d%22currentcolor%22%3e%3cpath%20d%3d%22m8%203.65a7%207%200%2000-1.353.128.65.65%200%2011-.25-1.275a8.3%208.3%200%20018%202.35c2.387%200%204.172.954%205.357%202.125c14.511%205.615%2015.15%207.022%2015.15%208c0%20.621-.257%201.391-.699%202.134a7.076%207.076%200%2001-1.403%201.68l.495.46a.65.65%200%2011-.886.951l-.998-.929a.645.645%200%2001-.104-.097l9.73%2010.501a.647.647%200%2001-.29.301%203.15%203.15%200%2001-4.313-4.094.647.647%200%2001.234-.275l3.908%205.08a5.774%205.774%200%2000-1.283%201.522c2.282%207.198%202.15%207.707%202.15%208c0%20.522.41%201.616%201.407%202.6.965.954%202.43%201.75%204.443%201.75.468%200%20.905-.043%201.311-.12a.65.65%200%2001.243%201.277a8.322%208.322%200%20018%2013.65c-2.387%200-4.172-.954-5.357-2.125c1.49%2010.385.85%208.978.85%208c0-.598.238-1.333.648-2.046a7.054%207.054%200%20012.95%204.188l-.547-.509a.65.65%200%2011.886-.951l8.8%208.194a5.793%205.793%200%20001.244-1.453c.372-.624.516-1.163.516-1.469%200-.522-.41-1.616-1.407-2.6-.965-.954-2.43-1.75-4.443-1.75zm6.29%207.296a1.85%201.85%200%20002.534%202.36l-2.535-2.36zm8%204.85a.65.65%200%20100%201.3%201.85%201.85%200%20011.843%201.694.65.65%200%20101.296-.11a3.15%203.15%200%20008%204.85z%22%20fill-rule%3d%22evenodd%22%20clip-rule%3d%22evenodd%22%3e%3c%2fpath%3e%3c%2fsvg%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3cdiv%20style%3d%22margin%3a%20.6em%200%201.2em%22%3e%e8%af%a5%e5%9b%be%e7%89%87%e6%9c%89%e5%8f%af%e8%83%bd%e4%bc%9a%e5%bc%95%e8%b5%b7%e4%b8%8d%e9%80%82%3c%2fdiv%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3cbutton%20style%3d%22padding%3a%204px%201em%3b%20font-size%3a%201.1em%3b%20color%3a%20inherit%3b%20background%3a%20none%3b%20border%3a%201px%20solid%20rgba%28255%2c255%2c255%2c.5%29%3b%20border-radius%3a%209999px%3b%22%3e%e7%bb%a7%e7%bb%ad%e6%9f%a5%e7%9c%8b%3c%2fbutton%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%3c%2fdiv%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%20%20%3c%2fdiv%3e%0a%20%20%20%20%3c%2fforeignobject%3e%3c%2fsvg%3e);width:100%;height:194px;background:url(https://pic1.zhimg.com/v2-cf70d0759d787c70091857151c1cad4a.jpeg) no-repeat rgba(191,191,191,0.7);background-size:cover;cursor:pointer!important;}@-webkit-keyframes animation-1yvu044{from{opacity:0;}to{opacity:1;}}@keyframes animation-1yvu044{from{opacity:0;}to{opacity:1;}}考研貌似有很多专业可以选,但仔细分析后会发现:每个人可以选的其实并不多。
就像报考公务员,几千个职位,筛筛选选,最后发现自己能报名的大概几个而已。
在讲跨专业的专业如何选之前(好绕),要补充一个常识,就是考研分为13大学科门类,它们分别是:
01哲学;02经济学;03法学;04教育学;05文学;06历史学;07理学;08工学;09农学;10医学;11军事学;12管理学;13艺术学在初试结束后,教育部会给这十三大学科门类划复试基本线,也就是我们常说的「考研国家线」。院校会按照国家线,再划每个专业的复试线,也有一部分院校直接使用国家线来确定复试名单。
所以问题来了:如果想跨专业考研,到底怎么选专业呢?这篇回答给大家提供一个好用的思路,看完之后你就能不断缩小范围,筛选出大致的专业啦,最后选择哪一个,根据自己的兴趣和基础,做最终的确定即可。(`?ω?)
本文目录:
一、跨专业需要评估的因素二、跨考专业考试内容三、统考专业课与非统考专业课四、限制跨考的专业
一、跨专业需要评估的因素1、专业评估等级:考研的难度除了和院校层次有关,跟院校的专业排名也有关。在这里给大家推荐一个查询院校专业评估等级的官方网站:中国学位与研究生教育信息网。此网站专业排名参考全国第四轮学科评估结果,根据院校师资质量、人才培养质量、科学研究水平、社会服务贡献与学科声誉进行的学科评估,可以作为一个考研难度上的参考。直达链接:http://www.cdgdc.edu.cn/xwyyjsjyxx/xkpgjg/
2、兴趣爱好:考研是一个换专业的机会,如果你对本科专业不是很感兴趣,那就可以跨专业考研。你可以想一下自己对什么专业感兴趣,也可以在大学期间去试着旁听一下其他专业的课堂,更应该考虑一下未来想从事什么行业的工作。如果这些你都还不是那么清楚,月半学姐强烈推荐你去「研招网」——「职测平台」去做一个测评,这个测试在学信网也有,是免费的,查询路径看我下面这张图哦~
3、个人情况:考研择专业除了上面分析个人兴趣之外,还必须要分析个人优劣势,以我个人举例,我认为自己高考没考太理想的原因是我数学实在学不会啊!我敢保证我再复读2年我也是学不太好的。但是考研不一样啊,考研我可以选择不考数学的专业!这就是曙光!
准备考研的同学,可以借助免费的课程来系统梳理考研流程和整体规划,这样你能够节省很多自己查信息的时间。除了看我写给大家的一些文章之外,还可以听一下知乎知学堂官方推出的训练营哦,对理解考研比较有帮助,可以进去领取。考研过程中要做一个会借力的聪明孩子,学别人证明过有效的方法!争取一战上岸!
二、跨考专业考试内容1、第一个问题:要不要考数学?
数学好:选择13大学科门类中的经济学、管理学、农学、理学、工学类专业。这一类专业,毕业后薪资高,待遇好。数学大佬们,请考吧!数学弱:请选择文学、历史学、法学、教育学、哲学类具体这些大类下可以考什么专业,请戳研招网网址,查询硕士专业目录,选择大类后,你能搜出所有开设这些专业的学校,并可以直接查询到这些学校的相关专业的拟招生人数,和考试科目。但是这个网址只适合批量粗略查,欲知详情,还要查询目标学校官网的招生简章,下文会给大家讲到。
研招网硕士专业目录直达:硕士专业目录_中国研究生招生信息网
2、第二个问题:要不要考政治?
· 能考:除7个专业以外的其他专业。
· 不考:只有7个专业初试不涉及考研政治,分别是会计专硕(mpacc)、工商管理(mba),工程管理、公共管理、旅游管理、审计、图书情报。
3、第三个问题:英语怎么样?
考研所有的专业都要考外语,这里只能看你向报考的专业是不是强需要英语的学科,具体表现为:
报考的专业有没有语言的要求:多数招生单位的翻译硕士的初试科目是: ①101思想政治理论 ②211翻译硕士英语③357英语翻译基础 ④448汉语写作与百科知识。而不是传统的英语一或英语二。如果英语基础不是很好,建议避开这类专业。报考的专业是不是强需要英语的学科:比如复试时英语口语占比较大,如果考生英语口语不是很好,在复试时就会比较吃力。报考专业考英语一,还是英语二:通常英语一的难度比英语二稍微高一些,所以也可以通过招生简章看自己想报考的专业考察英语几,大多数情况下,学硕会考英语一,专硕会考英语二。通过上述三个问题,你就可以大体的筛选出你要考的专业大类了,是不是虽然选择少了,但是突然清晰了很多?然后你就可以在这些专业大类当中,结合几个意向院校的招生人数,去圈定几个专业。最好使用一个excel的表格进行可是可视化管理。表格已给大家做好了,可以参考。
一开始,你的目标院校可能有好几所,没关系不纠结,无论什么学校,只要有意向就一一记下来。比如你想考的是清北复交,那你就把你想考的学校写在第一列,接下来就是去查这几个学校中,你的专业的招生和录取情况。
接下来我详细讲一下,这个表格的使用原理。
之前我们说过,考研的考试科目可以分为两大类,第一类是统考科目(公共课包括英语、政治、数学;还包括一些统考专业课)统考的意思就是,国家统一命题,所以如果你这个专业每个学校考的都一样的话,那这个学校难度就非常好比较了。因为考的内容都一样,如果我们忽略地域压分情况的话,所以我们可以理解为:学校分数线高的,考研难度就大。学校分数线低的,考研难度就小。
第二类是非统考科目,非统考科目一般是专业课学校自主命题。如果学校专业课是自主命题:专业课是没法对比,因为考的不一样。但是这种情况我们可以先对比统考科目。然后在单独对比不一样的专业课,如果专业课的分数考生考的都很高, 证明这个专业课比较容易。那如果大家分数普遍很低的话,那证明这个学校专业课的分数比较难。
接下来我们就总结一下,对比的方法&原则:
1、统考科目:直接对比分数即可 2、统考科目+专业课自主命题:优先对比统考科目,大体对比专业课a、学科排名。之前我们说了查学科排名的网站,叫做中国学位与研究生教育信息网,我们可以进去大体看看学科排名,作为参考。
b、统考名额。学校招生简章里面会详细写每个专业的招生人数、考试科目。我们把招生人数统计起来,填到excel表中。这里需要注意的是,大家要看清楚是统考招生人数还是全部人数(全部人数就是含推免的),如果招生简章上面给出的专业招生名额备注了含推免的话,我们还要去找一下今年推免的拟录取名单,数一数你想考的这个专业推免录取了多少人,最后用总招生名额-推免名额=统考招生人数。
c、报录比。也就是专业「报考人数」:「录取人数」,专业报录比有些学校会公布,比如中南财经政法大学,每年都会在「研究生院」——「招生工作」——「考录统计」考研布,这样的话就非常方便清楚。但是很多学校不公布报录比,你可以去网上搜一下,有时候你会能搜到,如果能搜到你就记录下来,如果实在没办法搜到,那这里可以空着,或者说后面找一些考上的学长学姐打听一下。
d、分数线。找到各个学校的复试分数线天上,请注意国家线和学校线都不一定是复试分数线。一定要看清楚是不是学院还自己划了各个专业的线。除了复试分数线之外,我们还要关注录取线,这个你可通过拟录取名单来看。找出总分录取最低分,最高分,再计算一个平均分出来。
e、各科的分数。如果你是管理类联考,那就只对比英语二和199管综就好了。各科分数可以在拟录取名单中查找,如果拟录取名单上面没单科分数,只有总分的话,那你可以试一下找复试名单来看,一般会有。
f、综合成绩的计算方式。也就是这个学校初复试比重各占多少。这个数据还是在学校研究生院——硕士招生里面,找一个通知,叫做招生复试方案,里面会有详细的复试章程。
这样我们的一个学校就查完了,当你有多个意向院校,但是不知道选哪个的时候,你就可以搜集这些数据,搜集起来之后你就可以对这些学校的难度有一个大体的认识了。然后再结合自己的情况,选定1——2所目标院校,就可以开始准备了。初期准备你可以去看一下招生简章当中学校有没有给你制定参考书,如果有的话,可以优先看这些参考书打基础。
三、统考专业课与非统考专业课我们首先来看,考研到底考什么。
考研十三个学科门类分别为: 哲学、经济学、法学、教育学、文学、历史学、理学、工学、农学、医学、军事学、管理学、艺术学, 13大类下面有88个一级学科,88个一级学科下面再细分为300多个二级学科。(我加粗的学科是考研中不考数学的)
(1)从分值上来讲,考研初试可以分为总分300分的专业,和总分500分的专业;
总分300分的专业有7个,分别是:会计专硕(mpacc)、工商管理(mba),工程管理、公共管理、旅游管理、审计、图书情报。(这个是管理类联考的7个专业)
注意??:这七个专业的考试科目是外国语、199管理类管理联考综合能力。「不单独」考数学(但是199管综里面有75分的分值涉及到数学的知识)、也没有政治(政治会在复试考察)。总分500分的专业,又可以分为两类:
第一类:考数学的专业。主要是经济学、理学、工学、农学、管理学类。第二类:不考数学的专业。主要是哲学、法学、教育学、文学、历史学、医学、军事学、艺术学。(2)从科目上来讲,考研又可以分为统考科目和非统考科目。
a、统考科目:统考科目分为公共课统考和专业课统考两种,指的是国家统一命题,学校用的都是一样的试卷,每年都会有详细标准的考试大纲和样题,真题及参考书非常好找。
公共课统考科目:英语(一、二)、数学(一、二、三、农)、思想政治理论
专业课统考科目:
计算机学科专业基础综合考察内容:数据结构45分、计算机组成原理45分、操作系统35分和计算机网络25分等学科教育学专业基础综合考察内容:教育学原理100分、中外教育史100分、教育心理学40分和教育研究方法30分等科目心理学专业基础综合考察内容:普通心理学100分、发展与教育心理学70分、实验心理学60分、心理统计与测量70分历史学专业基础综合考察内容:中国古代史30%、中国近现代史约20%、世界古代中世纪史约20%、世界近现代史约30%化学(农)考察内容:无机及分析化学50%、有机化学50%植物生理学与生物化学考察内容:植物生理学50%、生物化学50%动物生理学与生物化学考察内容动物生理学50%、生物化学50%此外还有西医和中医统考、法律硕士统考等。b、非统考科目:非统考科目指的是学校自主命题科目,通常都是专业课。你报考不同的学校,就会涉及到不同的考试科目。
有些学校会给出考试大纲和参考书,这种就比较容易,按照学校要求进行复习即可。但是也有很多学校不会指定参考书,这个就比较麻烦,就需要我们自己去搜索了。建议大家去看一下该校本科生用什么教材,或者找一些考上的学长学姐的经验贴,看一下他们用的什么书,搜集信息形成自己的书单。
对于怎么着专业课真题,我之前写过一篇回答如何无偿获得真题,写的比较详细,大家可以参考。
四、限制跨考的专业1、医学类专业:
医学类专业大部分都不支持跨考,对本科专业有很细致的要求,甚至医学大类的学生也不能随便跨考。比如南京大学的招生简章中明确规定,妇产科学专业仅招收西医院全日制五年制临床医学本科生,而眼科学仅招收临床医学或眼耳鼻咽喉专业的本科生,有些专业还会要求已获得《住院医师规范化培训合格证书》的临床医师才可以报考。医学类专业的跨考门槛很高。
法硕分为法律(法学)和法律(非法学)专业。报考时这两个专业都有各自的限制,在考研调剂时,也只能专业内调剂,不支持相互调剂。
法律(法学):要求考生报考前所学专业为法学专业(代码为 0301)的同学报考。以同等学力身份报考者所修读的本科课程应为法学类专业。 法律(非法学):要求考生报考前所学专业为非法学专业 ,就是本科不是法律专业的可以报考。3、艺术类专业
有些学校的艺术类专业,会要求跨专业考生加试,比如吉林大学的音乐与舞蹈学专业,就要求跨专业考生在复试中加试乐器演奏等内容。所以如果想要报考艺术类专业的考生,不仅要看初试的考试科目,还要看复试的科目自己是否擅长。
几乎所有学校的招生简章中都规定:报考 125100 工商管理、125200 公共管理、125601 工程管理的考生,要符合下列条件之一:
大学本科毕业后有 3 年以上工作经验的人员;获得国家承认的高职高专毕业学历或大学本科结业后,达到大学本科毕业同等学力并有5年以上工作经验的人员;获得硕士学位或博士学位后有 2 年以上工作经验的人员。
感谢阅读,码字不易,如果对你有帮助,欢迎点赞支持答主。(?ω< )★
我是 @林月半,在「考研」话题下获得15万+赞?,回答收藏数60万+次。
欢迎随时过来找我玩。其中部分回答如下,希望对你有帮助:
考研的具体流程是什么样的?学长学姐有什么对后来考研人的建议或者忠告?怎样复习考研英语效率最高?考研英语82分复习经验有哪些考研人相见恨晚的好用app?2022 年考研大三寒假可以做什么准备?2022考研英语目前应该如何准备?
但行好事,莫问前程。